Arash Alghasi
1 
, Gholamreza Farnoosh
2 , Ali Saeedi Boroujeni
3,4 , Mohammad Bahadoram
1 , Sima Tahmaseby Gandomkari
1 , Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
1* 1 Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Immunology Today, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading worldwide cancers formed in the lining of the stomach, and is the most prevalent cancer in northern Iran. Recent interventions for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer are based on genetic susceptibility parameters and the interactions between genes and the environment. Accordingly, this narrative review was designed to summarize the genetic markers involved in Iranian patients with gastric cancer, classified by cellular function. There was a significant relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in rs1051208 C allele (RAF1), rs531564 (pri-miR-124-1), rs1053023 (STAT3), rs8193 C allele (CD44), rs3130932G allele (OCT4), rs283821943, rs2032586 (ABCB1), codons 72,248 (p53), -137 G/C (IL-18), Pro12Ala (PPARγ), rs1053023 (STAT3), rs4647603 (caspase 3), -712C>T (caspase 9), -1263 A> (caspase 9) and gastric cancer. Increased risk was observed in C677T (MTHFR). Finally, decreased risk of gastric cancer was explored in -938 C>A (bcl2). Asp299Gly (TLR-4), rs1028181-513T/C (IL-19) Pro12Ala (PPARγ) may play a crucial role in susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori and gastric pathogenesis. According to the findings, the genetic polymorphisms in the immune-associated genes were related to the gastric cancer among the Iranian patients. Therefore, further large-scale functional investigations are needed to draw definite conclusions.