Abstract
Introduction: Endometriosis is among the most common obstetric and gynecologic diseases, correlated with multiple autoimmune diseases. Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune condition with a high prevalence among women. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between endometriosis and the risk of Sjögren’s syndrome.
Materials and Methods: Databases Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar search engine were used to search for articles published by November 27, 2025, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords and their equivalents. Then, data were extracted using SPSS 19 software and analyzed with STATA 14. For this purpose, studies that utilized systematic review and meta-analysis methods were combined.
Results: Six studies were conducted on 163,656 women, and by combining them, we concluded that female patients with endometriosis faced a high risk of developing Sjögren’s syndrome (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.62-3.49). Additionally, women with endometriosis aged 30 to 39 (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.36, 1.63), 40 to 49 (OR: 4.32, 95% CI: 3.67, 5.09), and 50 to 59 (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.52) were at increased risk of Sjögren’s syndrome. Furthermore, endometriosis in the USA (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.52), Taiwan (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.62), Denmark (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.98), and Colombia (OR: 4.32, 95% CI: 3.67, 5.09) increased the risk of Sjögren’s syndrome.
Conclusion: Women with endometriosis faced twice the risk of developing Sjögren’s syndrome compared with other women, and among those with endometriosis, women aged between 30 and 39 years indicated a higher risk of developing Sjögren’s syndrome. Besides, female patients with endometriosis in Colombia and the United States of America had the highest and lowest risks of Sjögren’s syndrome, respectively.
Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD420251248156) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry2064) websites.