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Submitted: 26 Apr 2021
Accepted: 23 Jun 2021
ePublished: 06 Jul 2021
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Immunopathol Persa. 2022;8(1): e9.
doi: 10.34172/ipp.2022.09

Scopus ID: 85119266476
  Abstract View: 1783
  PDF Download: 1384

Review

Resveratrol; an inflammasome inhibitor and a potential therapy for severe cases of COVID-19

Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani 1 ORCID logo, Ali Saeedi Boroujeni 2,3 ORCID logo, Ali Khodadadi 2 ORCID logo, Sheyda Houshmandfar 2 ORCID logo, Sima Tahmaseby Gandomkari 1 ORCID logo, Arash Alghasi 1* ORCID logo

1 Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Immunology Today, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding Author: *Correspondence to Arash Alghasi, Email: arashalqasi@yahoo.com, , Email: alghasi-a@ajums.ac.ir

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 126 million people worldwide and deaths exceed two million. Virological features of SARS-CoV-2, including its genomic sequence, have been identified but the mechanisms governing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immunopathogenesis have remained uncertain. Severe COVID-19 is associated with a cytokine storm, chronic inflammation, neutrophilia, lymphocyte dysfunction, lymphopenia, reduction in T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, disruption in viral clearance, and neutrophil/macrophage infiltration in the lungs. In many cases, patients develop acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and/or multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Resveratrol reduces the expression of inflammasome activators such as thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NrF2) and increases that of the inflammasome inhibitor, i.e., NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). Resveratrol is able to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS). It affects signaling pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB) thereby further inhibiting inflammasomes. Because of its anti-inflammasome, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant effects and considering the key role of inflammation and cytokine storm in disease severity and poor patient outcomes, it is concluded that resveratrol can be useful in the treatment of COVID-19. Given the persistence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges of extensive vaccination in all countries, it is important to achieve more effective treatments to decrease the mortality rate and severity of severe injuries following COVID-19. Given all the effects reviewed in this article, resveratrol at a dose of up to 600 mg per day can be exploited as a potential adjunctive therapy for COVID-19 patients.

Citation: Mahmoudian-Sani M, Saeedi Boroujeni A, Khodadadi A, Houshmandfar S, Tahmaseby Gandomkari S, Alghasi A. Resveratrol; an inflammasome inhibitor and a potential therapy for severe cases of COVID-19. Immunopathol Persa. 2022;8(1):e09. DOI:10.34172/ ipp.2022.09.
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