Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the men older than 50 years. It is in second place after lung cancer. Although the cause of prostate carcinoma has remained unknown, but clinical and experimental observations suggested the effective role of hormonal, genetic and environmental factors.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between total serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and free PSA to total PSA ratio with prostate cancer malignancy grade in biopsy specimens, and was performed according to Gleeson criteria.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical study. In patients with prostatic carcinoma the serum level of total PSA and free PSA were measured and according to the Gleason scoring system degree of malignancy was investigated. All data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: A significant and direct relationship between free PSA/total PSA and Gleason score was found. Also, a significant correlation was observed between serum PSA level and the grade of the disease.
Conclusion: Considering that prostatic carcinoma is one of cancers usually diagnosed late and since biopsy is hardly accepted by patients, with regard to the relationship between serum levels of free PSA and free PSA/total PSA ratio we can use serum level of free PSA and total PSA for diagnosis. Consequently, not only rapid and timely diagnosis of all types of cancer can have a positive impact on the healing process but also have particular effect in the treatment and reducing mortality established by this disease.